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The following article was published in our article directory on June 20, 2016.
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Teflon: What Is It?

Article Category: Business

Author Name: Chuck Donald

Teflon is a brand name of the plastic material called polytetrafluoroethylene or PTFE. The term teflon is a popular household name and has become the generic name for this chemical. The PTFE compound is developed when particles are combined into groups of large molecules by means of a chemical reaction. This chemical compound has many distinct properties which makes teflon a popular choice for cookware and other products.
PTFE has an extremely high melting point and can remain stable at extremely low temperatures. It is also resistant to abrasion and is very slippery and slick. These and its other properties make PTFE an ideal material for coating products such as machine parts, laboratory equipment, and of course, utensils and cookware.

Outstanding Properties
There are many reasons why teflon is used for many industrial applications. Here are some of its characteristics:
Non-stick
Non-wetting
Low coefficient of friction
Heat resistance
Abrasion resistance
Chemical resistance
Cryogenic stability
Unique electrical properties

History of PTFE
In 1938, PTFE was accidentally discovered by a young chemist named Roy Plunkett while he was searching for something entirely different. He was only 27 years old then and already had a PhD by that time.
Plunkett was experimenting to develop a new form of refrigerant, which was his actual area. He stored a hundred pounds of TFE in metal cans and the next day, he discovered that it transformed into a white and flaky type of powder. The polymerization process of the TFE had occurred overnight.

Raw Materials
PTFE is a polymer of the chemical compound TFE or tetrafluoroethylene, an odorless, colorless, and nontoxic, although extremely flammable, gas. The TFE compound is synthesized from chloroform, fluorspar, and hydrofluoric acid. These elements are combined by a process called pyrolosis, in which the subject is left under high heat. It is then stored in liquid form at low pressure and temperature.
Since TFE is flammable, it can be difficult to transport it. For this reason, PTFE manufacturers make their own TFE on-site. The process of polymerization uses little amount of other chemicals, aside from TFE itself. These chemicals are used as initiators; examples are Disuccinic acid peroxide and ammonium persulfate. Water is also an important element in the polymerization process.

By-products of PTFE
Although PTFE is in itself non-toxic, the manufacturing process by which it is formed produces toxic by-products such as carbon dioxide and hydrofluoric acid. When inhaled, the gaseous by-products of PTFE manufacturing can cause an illness known as polymer fume fever. That�s why workers must wear protective masks to avoid breathing in these gases. Manufacturing areas must also be sufficiently ventilated so as to prevent gas exposure while heating PTFE, or when cooling it after sintering.
Some wastes produced during the PTFE manufacturing process can be cleaned and reused. These wastes are often turned into fine powder which can be used as a molding ingredient or as an additive to oils, ink and certain lubricants.
Ideally, used parts of PTFE are buried instead of burned. This is because burning will release toxic substances such as hydrogen chloride. A study also suggests that the degradation of PTFE turns it into a substance called TFA or trifluoroacetate that is hazardous to plants. This makes TFA pollution a possible concern in the future.

Keywords: teflon,teflon coatings,tungsten carbide,wear resistant coatings,non stick

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