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The following article was published in our article directory on July 3, 2014.
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Properties of the Neodymium type of Rare Earth Magnet

Article Category: Shopping

Author Name: Nick Bugeja

The properties of permanent magnets are usually graded and compared to other rare earth magnets to distinguish what kind of application they can be utilized for.

One of the two important properties to judge is their remanence, or the property which measures the magnetic field's strength and the magnetization retained on a ferromagnetic material when an external magnetic field is removed from it. A magnet technically has remanence when it is magnetized. This is the property by which magnetic storage devices are made, for magnetic memory is provided through the remanence of ferromagnetic materials.

The other property that is being judged when grading rare earth magnets is their coercivity, or the measure by which a ferromagnetic material can withstand the force of an external magnetic field. The temperature at which these rare earth magnets lose their magnetism is called the Curie temperature.

Neodymium magnets are one kind of rare earth magnets that is mainly made of an alloy of NIB or neodymium, iron, and boron. They are magnetically secure because they have the highest strength when it comes to magnetic fields, equaled by their high coercivity. This is provided by the tetragonal crystal structure (Nd2Fe14B) that has high magnetocrystalline anisotropy or the dependence of a magnetic material in terms of directions, and a relatively high saturation magnetization as well. However, they have a low Curie temperature. Controlling the magnetic value and obtaining the magnetic strength to meet the required application is possible by changing the type of alloy. To develop and preserve the magnet's properties, dysprosium and terbium are included to the alloy, making the magnet able to withstand temperatures that are higher than 200 degrees Celsius.

Neodymiums are more prone to oxidation and corrosion compared to other rare earth magnets like samarium-cobalt magnets, especially the uncoated ones. They are generally solid but fragile, which may result to easy breakage when they are dropped. They may also chip when they are allowed to get too near similarly high magnetic fields. Corrosion may also cause unprotected magnetic materials to crush into powder form. Treatments that are made of gold, zinc, tin, nickel plating, and epoxy resin coating can be used as protective surfaces to prevent magnet corrosion. Despite the costly nature of this kind of magnet, it has been made useful in most applications with the help of these surface treatments.

Neodymium magnets are traditionally used according to their magnetic properties, considering different levels of strength and resistance. Their magnetic properties, in turn, basically depend on the composition of the alloy, its microstructure, and the manufacturing procedure done.

The properties of these magnets are constantly improved and developed with further research, in the hope of expanding application possibilities to become highly functional and innovative to existing and newly introduced industries. Manufacturing can adapt levels that are more favorable to the desired applications, which makes these magnets practically flexible. However, of course, having their own innate properties, levels are still maintained to a certain point to keep the properties intact. As the properties of these magnets are continually researched on, the availability or accessibility (as well as functionality) becomes a question.

Keywords: rare earth magnets, neodymium magnets, disc magnets, n52 magnets

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