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SpinDistribute.com Article Directory

The following article was published in our article directory on January 17, 2012.
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History Of Anatomy: The Price Of Understanding The Human Body

Article Category: Education

Author Name: chickie maxwell

One could not possibly imagine the great extent early scientists had to go through in order to learn and understand the entire human anatomy. The study of the human body and its functions as it is known today has been a compilation of various studies from various scientist. It took a lot of sacrificial victims in order to save millions of life today through the study of internal medicine. Instead of their deceased bodies being traditionally buried or cremated, it was dissected and used for the sake of science and the advancement of knowledge about the human body and its physiology. The earliest sacrificial victims were usually criminals.

The study of human anatomy has been a continuous process. Since the early 1600 BCE, the Egyptians have had recognition of the body's internal organs such as the heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, blood vessels, hypothalamus, bladder and uterus. Yet, they did not completely understand its actual functions and how the organs were connected. They had flawed knowledge that the heart is where a number of body fluids pass through including tears, blood, sperm and urine.

During the 4th and 5th centuries BCE, Greek physician Hippocrates provided great contribution to the study of the human anatomy by providing the basics on the musculoskeletal structure. The musculoskeletal system or the locomotor system comprises the muscles and skeletons of the human body. The works of Hippocrates also paved the way to the accurate understanding of the functions of specific human organs like the liver and kidneys. The discovery of the heart's tricuspid valve and how it functions is considered as Hippocrates' greatest achievement and contribution to the field of medicine and anatomy. He documented his knowledge about the tricuspid valve in a manuscript called the Hippocratic Corpus.

The Greek philosopher and biologist Aristotle together with other contemporaries used the process of dissecting animals in order to further understand how the human body system works. Most of Aritotle's works which were based on actual things that he saw and recorded through dissection corrected many errors others have perceived about the body's organ systems. Aristotle however, didn't dissect humans, only animals, and yet his works have been widely recognized through his empirically founded system of discovery.

It was later during the 4th century BCE when anatomical research started using human cadavers. This practice was done by Greek physician Herophilos and Greek anatomist Erasistratus. They were given permission to actually perform live dissections on the cadavers of criminals in Alexandria, Egypt. During the 2nd century, Aelius Galenus, more popularly known as Galen, compiled the works of various writers regarding the human anatomy and made even further studies as to the functions of each human organ. This was done by performing vivisections on animals due to the lack of availability of human cadavers available. His compilation of drawings and writing is what was eventually used as the textbook on anatomy for 1500 years.

Today, the study of human anatomy is way past simple dissection. Anatomists are now studying the human body at a molecular level, using advanced microscopes and gadgets.

Keywords: human anatomy

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