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The following article was published in our article directory on January 11, 2011.
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The government is starting to control smoke in public

Article Category: Society

Author Name: xia zihui

China announced 37.3 points achievement: aria

The China economic weekly practice reporter LiYan | reports from Beijing

On January 6, China's center for disease control departments issued an aria with China called "future" report.

Report, from 2002 by 2010, China is still in the number of smokers 3 million above, high yield, while China tobacco, amid a 40 per cent increase in the world's largest. If according to the framework convention on tobacco control prescribed by the number of smokers control, tobacco production control, tobacco control factors such as social influence, China nuclear into 100 points of tobacco control calculation results for 37.3 points, occupies the onhundred convention contracting party last several.

On January 9, is our country signed the framework convention on tobacco control the fifth anniversary of the day. According to convention, five years as a report contracting agreement one-year work key nodes, the report will be as evaluation results submitted to the world health organization, show tobacco control results. Obviously, this success is not optimistic.

"How to make a subjected the and useful law"

"Today, our country still don't have a specific to ban smoking in public places, the national laws are not even start smoking work well, how can get high scores?" Holding the "report card", China's center for disease control, deputy director of YangGongHuan low ground say.

Due to smoking is a "big social engineering", involving the interests of the local, enterprise efficiency, personal rights problems are extremely sensitive and complex, so how to develop a subjected the and useful law becomes difficult. "A small country, such as Ireland, Norway, Uruguay, etc. Can be national legislation aria, but in the country, generally need from local legislative start." National aria to do vice director JiangYuan said.

In fact, of our local "tobacco control to make" is not uncommon, Beijing, Shanghai, and hangzhou 150 multiple cities have enacted a related regulation, but, thunder always greater than the rain.

According to smoking circles introduces, in 1995, Beijing has promulgated the scope of Beijing ban smoking in public places, in violation of the provisions of the no-smoking rule unit can place 10 | 5000 yuan of personal may impose fines, 10 yuan fines. But nearly five or six years, Beijing has not had any personal smoking, have "violations" punished without "to" punish "tobacco control to make" non-existing, effect nature cans be imagined.

According to the framework convention on tobacco control regulation, in 5 years, performance contracting state shall widely bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship activities. But smoking circles, said on TV broadcast smoke in the background of advertisement, many enterprises to local television stations, cigarette brand naming programs and theatre is endless.

Beijing level lawyer of ZhangYouShan tells a reporter, the advertisement law of PRC on tobacco advertising ban is not comprehensive, allow much fuzzy zone. For example, "advertisement law" prescribed in article 18: ban through broadcast, films, television, newspapers, periodicals disseminate tobacco advertisements, Banned in all kinds of waiting room, cinemas and theatres, meeting halls, sports venues and other public places tobacco advertisements, But for tobacco outdoor advertising, indirect advertising and tobacco brand extension and other forms and brand sharing tobacco promotion and sponsorship problems are not explicitly defined and related restrictions.

In addition, charity "outside" makes smoke enterprises suffer advertising suspicion. According to China's tobacco control association, 2009 September to December, 52 between home tobacco enterprise donation public welfare and the recreational activity amounted to 79 on, nationwide 40 counties. "Smoke ten-thousand-enterprise favorite is the hope project, because this project powerful, beneficial to the publicity, and the school may also manage to smoke a name, this is how an advertisement!" A the personage inside course of study introduces said: "such as winding honghe group built garden hope primary school, near the red cloud, they sell very well, the villagers have thanked psychology." Similar hope primary school still far love schools, hongta hope primary school, anhui ZhongYan hope primary schools, while in sichuan tobacco hope primary school buildings on impressively is "China tobacco" logo, downstairs SLATE top write "to serve society, tobacco help you success".

The key is "tax -controlling smoke.

"Ultimately, the main difficult aria difficult in the money problem." Although experts differ in different views on tobacco control measures, but for one-year difficult reason but an agreement was reached. YangGongHuan says, the tobacco industry is large taxpayer, caused the government is difficult to its "lay".

Several digital could justify the tobacco industry's filthy rich. According to the state tobacco monopoly administration public announcements, 2009, China tobacco industry can GongShangShui lida 5131.1 billion yuan, accounting for the taxes andprofits amount nearly 10%. Among them, yunnan, hunan, guizhou and henan provinces such as tobacco taxes andprofits are accounted for the province of the total amount of double-digit. For over ten years, the tobacco industry has been as large taxpayer for local economy and national tax provide strong support.

But in tobacco smoking personage opinion, this "pocket" have long struggle to make ends meet is a pen joint efforts of the whole society "debt" trading loss.

The one-year and China's future "shows that in our country, the tobacco in health hazard has made its social economic effect is negative, 2010, its social net benefits already from 1998 year is 150 million yuan plunged to negative 600 billion yuan. "This means that, by smoking causes include the medical cost, labor loss and other social costs have far more than the total cost of tobacco industry, tax amount, employment, and total contribution of value in the coming 20 years this net benefit also increases." YangGongHuan said.

The one-year with Chinese future "prediction: by 2030, China caused by smoking in the death toll will reach 300 million, accounting for more than 40 people died attribution of the total number of 25%. YangGongHuan think, tobacco has become chronic diseases in China rapidly rising "number one killer", the tobacco industry has become the biggest health hazard type of industrial, is worthy of the name "big poison".

The one-year with Chinese future "thinks," with tax-controlled smoke "can achieve aria with tax balance, in 20 years realized transformation.

One-year circles, said China cigarette prices have been low, with only marlboro in 15 countries as an example, the price in China sells for $hip, in "low price kingdom" queue, while in South Africa sells for $9.39 2.69 in Singapore dollar, Norway for 11.48 dollars. Raising taxes has great realistic space.

Studies show that cigarette prices every 10%, the high-income countries general cigarette consumption can reduce about 4%, developing countries general cigarette consumption will reduce 8%.

2009 May, the finance ministry and the state administration of taxation jointly issued the "about adjusting tobacco products consumption tax policy of notice, will first cigarette an AD valorem tax rate from the original 45% adjusted for 56%, b cigarettes an AD valorem tax rate from the original 30% adjustment to 36%, cigarette wholesale link also imposed on a AD valorem tax, tax rates for wholesale price by 5%.

But according to YangGongHuan introduction, a related key tax policy does not result in "tax price linkage", "tax raised, prices of smoke quantity is limited," and "tobacco varieties and have sold the tendency of expansion".

A personage winding honghe group, told reporters throughout the tobacco industry of profit distribution, state taxation and tobacco monopoly of each around 40%, production enterprises and sale terminal of each than 10%. To ensure the stability of the production, increase tax in circulation digestion, multiple sales link the profit space for compressed, smoke ten-thousand-enterprise lay open adjustable pressure, so, adjusted tax tax did not affect the production and the sales link, taxation and price completely off, nature is difficult to move "tobacco control" goal.

In addition, adjusted tax structure strength and also gets an aria circles queries. With international cigarette tax rate in China than 65% | 70% cigarette taxes or wandering in a low place. The Chinese academy YangZhiYong CaiMaoSuo researcher, points out that the key is to improve the low-end smoking cigarette taxes and is b cigarettes. However, the relevant departments in adjustable tax adjustment, instead of first cigarette - high-end emphasis on cigarette tax rates. "High-end cigarettes are mainly used as gifts and luxury consumption tax hike, little sense."

In 2007, China's established by eight ministries of the framework convention on tobacco control performance work BuJi leadership team, among them, work letter department for the group leader units.

"Don't say five years, is for another five years, decade, China tobacco control all difficult productive." A personage inside course of study despise ground say: "work letter department and the state tobacco monopoly administration are in advocating" cigarette on level '! Control what ah? Somebody else want development!"

Early 2010, then work in the wake of a letter minister of national work conference on tobacco control, said "put the tobacco leaf production scale as a profession work of the central tasks", at the same time, the tobacco industry to "improve operation quality and benefit, have tried to realize yet fast development". Since want to "control" and "development", aria circles, said workers believe department faces considerable test.

YangGongHuan waiting for many public health experts suggest: the one-year incorporated into the "1025" plan, establish the special national action plan, and smoking in the state council level, make big decisions and deploy aria, at the same time, to implement separation of the tobacco industry.

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