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The following article was published in our article directory on November 2, 2010.
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EU Social Security System At Risk

Article Category: Business

Author Name: xia zihui

In the 25 to 27 October at the "high-level China-EU Round Table on social security", the number of European experts and officials on the status of the European social security system and future development of the topic. European countries now face a common problem, that is, after World War II baby boom generation has begun retiring, plus the life expectancy of the elderly population in Europe has also continued to increase across Europe are facing a huge pension system reform pressure.

Recently, countries such as France and Greece, has frequently postponed retirement age for Social Security reform measures provoked large protests the strike. The international financial crisis, economic globalization and climate change in Europe are so great pressure on the existing system. The idea that only give high benefits, early retirement and so hard to honor the beautiful country's financial commitment in order to set foot on European economic recovery of the real smooth, the European social security system to achieve sustainable development.

Precarious social security system

Studies have shown that compared with 1946, worldwide, one in 2016 probability of living to be over 65 years about 35% to about 75% in 2076 will rise to about 92%. Against this background, the life expectancy of residents of European countries is also rising, but the fertility rate has gradually declined in the region, the growing trend of an aging society. According to EU Commission estimates that from 2015 onwards, the EU as a whole will enter a negative population growth; 2008, the EU-15 workers and 65 to 64 years the proportion of elderly people over the age of 4 to 1, and by 2060, this ratio will drop to 2 to 1, social burden can be imagined.

Even so, many European countries, there are still many people choose to retire early. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) statistics, Austria, Luxembourg and Finland, some residents are four to six years of retirement in advance, the United Kingdom, Denmark, France, residents will be about one year ahead of time. In sharp contrast, in Japan and South Korea, the National is usually delayed 6-10 years of retirement. According to Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development statistics, the current EU member states, the average retirement age is 60 years old, 63 years lower than other developed countries, the average level.

The burden of EU pension system, the financial and economic crisis and the ensuing debt crisis was aggravated. In the financial and economic crisis, EU governments not only to sharp drop in revenue, but also costly to save financial institutions and stimulate economic growth, resulting in debt, directly induce the debt crisis. In response to the debt crisis, the EU countries have to tighten fiscal belt-tightening over the next few years will live, it is unable to support an increasingly large pension expenditures. At the same time, the outbreak of the crisis also turns the EU pension fund that suffered heavy losses. The European Commission said that in 2008 alone, private pension funds have shrunk by 20%.

In addition, the British insurance company Aviva, a recently published survey showed that the pension paid into the European employed less than the actual 1.9 trillion euros (2.5 trillion), the gap is equivalent to the EU's annual economic output 1 / 5, indicating the family's savings habits in Europe failed to keep pace with the increased life expectancy. Research shows that UK pension shortfall of 379 billion euros, equivalent to 26% of GDP, the highest in the EU. Followed by Germany and Spain, the gap between the two were equivalent to 24% of GDP and 18%.

The trend to postpone retirement

The "China-EU high-level Round Table on Social Security," on social protection and integration of the European Commission Secretary George Fisher to accept the "Economic Information Daily," an interview that the solution of the key problems of aging is that elderly people in society must become more "active", that is when people live longer when they have to work longer, but also longer participate in social life and building. Greater need for elderly people live in dignity, not only financial security and care, but also need to feel respected and feel a part of society. This is in many European countries are doing.

French "Le Figaro" has been published in a French philosopher, Aesop, home economics, Herman "Europe is no longer a model," a text that allows the richness of Europe to become livable pensions, unemployment benefits, health care and social welfare of all plans are in Europe has experienced rapid economic and population growth during the set up. However, after a weak economy and population growth 30 years after, the welfare state subsidies to rely on more debt. From this, by the economic recovery to address the growing weakness of the social security system impractical to implement more stringent measures the depth of reform to address this chronic illness.

This reporter learned that, now, aging society compel European countries growing amount of pension contributions, and to take to increase employment, reduce the number of retirement pensions and other means and reducing the dependency ratio decreased. Financial crisis and tightening of fiscal policy in Europe to pressure for reform pension system suddenly enlarged. But in fact, Europe already in the gradual progress of various pension reform. Recently, France's opposition to the reform of the national strike in the retirement age has aroused world attention, but in fact extend the retirement age in many European countries have already made choices.

2007-2010, Germany, Czech Republic, Ireland, Greece, Italy and the Netherlands and other countries has passed a bill raising the retirement age. Germany and Spain have been the retirement age to 67 years old, respectively, in 2029 and implemented in 2025. The Irish have been introduced this year, the statutory retirement age of 66 years.

However, some analysts pointed out that the approach taken by delayed retirement age although a temporary solution to the funding gap, but are pushing back the problem solving model, and later retirement is not conducive to now has been sluggish job market. Improve the pension payment will actually reduce the existing purchasing power, such an approach will lead to decline in consumption levels.

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