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The following article was published in our article directory on September 13, 2010.
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Industries Under Economic Globalization Cluster Trends

Article Category: Advice

Author Name: xia zihui

(A) changes in organizational form

Industrial economy, linear system, linear functions of the system, such as mechanical tissue in a dominant position. 1917, the United States, mechanical tissue in the manufacturing sector is dominant, then the nation's largest 236 companies, 80% or more to take this form of organization. After World War II, Division gradually dominant organization, to 1969, 500 large companies in the United States to take such a mechanical way, 76% organizations. From the 20th century, mid 50s, produced a matrix organization. The 20th century, mid 70s, due to further strengthening international economic cooperation, enterprises are facing highly competitive environment changes. The nature and the environment changes from the non-skilled work as knowledge work, change from the boring repetitive tasks and concern for innovation, change from individual work to team work, work from functional changes in the project work, changing from a single multi-skills skills , changes in customers from the superior power of the power change as colleagues from the higher coordination of coordination. To adapt to this changing environment, the organization of intermediate institutions, such as industrial clusters, virtual enterprise organization, corporate strategic alliances, flexible organizations such as widespread. Industrial clusters as a carrier of intermediate system has been developed rapidly.

(B) the weakening role of the state

In the process of economic globalization, the state this as a key political Danwei wave of industrialization, are being cross-Zuzhililiang and Guoneiquyu attack from forces of up and down and tended weakened, while the market's role be strengthened, market Xin Hao Zi Yuan global flows in increasingly play a leading role. In addition, a number of global or regional trade organizations on national sovereignty becomes more prominent, the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, World Trade Organization and regional economic integration organizations such as the role of international organizations, to some extent replace the state some power. Market economy has a tendency to expand geographically, it has transcend political boundaries and more and more of the world population into its sphere of influence. In the market economy mechanism, the lead in the regional-scale production will have a low-cost and differentiation advantages, to promote local resources to regional concentration of the industry's regional concentration. If the value of a single cigarette lighter is very low, the segmentation of the market environment, is difficult to form a production scale, but economic globalization lighter products in the regional scale of production Tigong the market size of the support, in Woguo Wenzhou Dequ the lighter on the formation of Pang Tai industry is one example.

(C) the vitality of local economy

Between countries, regions and economic competition between regions has been dependent on natural resources from the comparative advantages conferred by conversion to rely on regional innovation networks to create competitive advantage. Unconventional, and innovation-related production activities, such as technology innovation and diffusion, in pre-production and small batch production is increasingly concentrated geographically to a particular. Standardized mass production factories and enterprises manufacturing high-tech sectors, the labor cost of production to areas with low concentration. Worldwide, the number of regions formed a unique regional innovation systems, cluster conditions, factor conditions, competitive conditions and market conditions, the interaction constitutes a suitable industrial clusters in the economic environment. In the external economic effects, the learning curve effect, cooperation effect, self-enhancement effect of such mechanism in some regions of industrial clusters in greatly enhanced, such as Silicon Valley, Bangalore, India, Israel, Tel Aviv, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Guangdong and Dongguan. A new world division of labor is no longer the limit of the state, but according to the competitiveness of regional industries to carry out.

(D) Clusters of transnational corporations in the global expansion strategy

In the era of economic globalization, transnational corporations in developing both the pressure of global expansion, there is another local "roots" pressure. Investment decisions made by multinational companies often tend to have a competitive advantage in the regional industry, the regional concentration of economic groups. So, Sony of "global localization" to describe the global expansion of multinational corporations. Multinational enterprises in the host country more and more attention and cooperation with the local economy tend to form Ge Zhong forms of networks, including network or social network Deng Chan Ye, Zhu Bu Rong Ren Dao of new industries in the region Yijingjiecheng the Region Innovation become a node. Meanwhile, multinational companies will use the role of regional networks, constantly looking for partners to expand the scope of the use of local suppliers to improve efficiency and continue to reduce production and transaction costs, and enhance their competitiveness, local, expanding host of other regional even neighboring markets.

(E) the localization of the trend of technological innovation

Innovation and diffusion of knowledge within the region is dependent on the establishment of long-term relationship and mutual trust between enterprises. Moreover, through the interaction of Tacit Knowledge and the continuous geographical concentration, increased the company's external learning opportunities, promote the circulation of information, increased knowledge of creative and knowledge between organizations, technology transfer and diffusion rate and reduce transaction costs, and then raising the regional and national economic development efficiency. In the cluster, the industry is no longer a secret secret, which seems to be made public. Good work was appreciated, process innovation, and mechanical invention, organization spread rapidly improved. If a man has a new idea, it was adopted by others and combined with others, so it will be updated source of ideas.

(F) the influence of other localized

Also influence the localization of the existing trade restrictions, cultural differences, national sentiment, is integration of technology.

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